Renewable and secondary resources

• Semester 4, position 4

This subject is designed to familiarize students with various forms of renewable energy sources and their use in different engineering applications, particularly in agriculture and food production industries. The course also covers the study of secondary resources, which are resources that can be recycled or reused in production processes. The main goal of the course is to educate students to understand the significance of these resources in the context of sustainable development and engineering solutions, as well as to apply scientific and engineering principles in the development and use of technologies for renewable energy sources and management of secondary resources.

Upon successful completion of this course, students should be able to: • Understand the concept of renewable and secondary resources. • Identify the different types of renewable resources and their availability. • Analyze the potential of renewable resources in various industries. • Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using renewable resources. • Evaluate the role of secondary resources in waste reduction and energy generation. • Develop an understanding of the current state and future trends in renewable and secondary resources.

1. Introductory lecture and familiarization with the basic concepts of energy. 2. Solar energy (production of electrical energy, heating of DHW, industrial processes); 3. Water energy (hydroelectric power plants, tides, waves); 4. Energy of the Earth (soil heat, geothermal water, buried objects, and warehouses); 5. Wind energy (wind generators); 6. Biogas; Hydrogen and fuel cells. 7. Biomass (production of electricity, composting, residues of agricultural production); 8. Heat and moisture recovery (recuperators); 9. Heat storage (accumulator); 10. Heat pumps (types, recuperation, aggregates); 11. Secondary energy resources (waste heat, recuperators, cogeneration).

Simulation of solar energy application on the example of indirect solar dryer at the laboratory plant in the Laboratory for Agricultural Machinery and Plants, Department of Agricultural Machinery, as well as measurements of solar radiation intensity and drying agent parameters; presentation of characteristic solutions and calculations. Computer simulations and calculations are performed in order to define and dimension characteristic solutions from some of the theoretical units.

Defined by the study program / module curriculum.

1. Laboratory and measuring equipment within the Laboratory for Agricultural Machinery and Plants; 2. Laboratory solar dryer with flat solar collector; 3. Computer center within the Laboratory for Agricultural Machinery and Plants; 4. Physical models and models (Pelton turbine, cyclone, ...) 5. Computer models and simulations.

Total assigned hours: 75

New material: 20
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 10

Auditory exercises: 0
Laboratory exercises: 5
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 25
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 0
Review and grading of lab reports: 0
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 5
Test: 0
Test: 5
Final exam: 5

Activity during lectures: 10
Test/test: 0
Laboratory practice: 0
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 40
Project: 0
Final exam: 50
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 50

Топић, Р.: Обновљиви и секундарни ресурси, Машински факултет у Београду, 2013.; Volker Quaschning: Understanding renewable energy systems, Earthscan, London, 2005.; Jonathan R. Mielenz: Biofuels: Methods and Protocols, Humana Press, 2009.; Гојак, М., Рудоња, Н: Соларни термички системи, Машински факултет у Београду, 2020.; Dan E. Arvizu: The Growing Significance of Renewable Energy - Lectures, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA, 2007.