Ship resistance

The objective of the course is to provide students with advanced knowledge in the field of ship resistance and ship hydrodynamics, with particular emphasis on the influence of hull geometry, operating conditions, and speed regime on ship resistance. Students will develop competencies in the analysis of individual resistance components, the application of engineering methods for the prediction of ship resistance and propulsion power requirements, and the critical evaluation of obtained results. Particular attention is given to understanding the physical mechanisms governing ship resistance, the application of empirical, statistical, and numerical methods for resistance prediction, as well as the analysis of various conventional and unconventional vessel types from the perspective of their hydrodynamic characteristics.

The learning outcome of the course is the acquisition of advanced knowledge in the field of ship resistance and the hydrodynamic phenomena associated with the operation of different types of vessels. Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to apply knowledge of mathematics, fluid mechanics, and engineering sciences to the analysis and prediction of ship resistance, as well as to understand the physical mechanisms governing individual resistance components. The student will be capable of analyzing the influence of hull geometry, operating conditions, and speed regime on ship resistance, and of critically evaluating possibilities for hull form optimization with respect to hydrodynamic performance, energy efficiency, and environmental impact. The student will acquire knowledge of resistance model testing, analysis of experimental results, and procedures for extrapolating model-scale results to full-scale ships. Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to select and apply appropriate empirical, statistical, and numerical methods for ship resistance prediction, taking into account the limitations of the applied methods and available data. The student will also be capable of using and critically evaluating scientific and technical literature, research results, and other relevant sources of information in solving complex engineering problems related to ship hydrodynamics and vessel design.

To determine the ship’s main engine power, ship resistance must be determined first. It can be obtained by model tests or by other evaluation methods. Teaching is primarily oriented to the practical application of ship hydrodynamics in common engineering practice. Attention is particularly focused on model tests that are still the most reliable tool as well as on the extrapolation of results from a model to a ship. Theoretical teaching is realized through the following teaching units: a) calculations of ship resistance components, resistance evaluation according to ITTC recommendations/method, b) effects of shallow and restricted water, c) model tests, model‐ship correlation, standard methodical and statistical series, d) recommendations for the design of ship forms, and e) high‐speed (unconventional) craft.

The student should evaluate resistance for a usual sea‐going ship (form) he/she was acquainted with within the subject Buoyancy and stability of ship 1. The obtained results will be used in the project that should be done within the Ship propulsion course. Thus, the student is enabled to perceive the ship as a whole, and resistance itself as a part of applied ship hydrodynamics that is unavoidable in the ship design process. Within the framework of practical teaching, the student is trained to do calculations using a computer i.e. to develop a mathematical model for resistance evaluation by himself. Moreover, some teaching units presented by theoretical teaching involve calculation examples too.

It is necessary that the candidate: has 180 ECTS and has completed the project task in the subject Buoyancy and stability of ship 1

Extracts from lectures (handouts)/In Serbian. Written instructions for project design /In Serbian. Additional literature obtained during lectures. Internet resources.

Total assigned hours: 75

New material: 20
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 10

Auditory exercises: 8
Laboratory exercises: 0
Calculation tasks: 7
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 15
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 0
Review and grading of lab reports: 0
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 10
Test: 0
Test: 0
Final exam: 5

Activity during lectures: 5
Test/test: 0
Laboratory practice: 0
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 35
Final exam: 60
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 30

E. Lewis (editor): Principles of Naval Architecture (Chapter V – Resistance), SNAME, Jersey City, 1988.; A. F. Molland, S. R. Turnock and D. A. Hudson, Ship resistance and propulsion, Cambridge University Press, 2017.; M. Hofman and D. Radojcic, Resistance and propulsion of High Speed Crafts in Shallow Water, MF Belgrade, (in serbian), 1997.; Radojčić, D., Kalajdžić, M., Simić, A., Power Prediction Modeling of Conventional High-Speed Craft, Springer, 2019.; Radojčić, D., Simić, A., Motok, M., Momcilovic, N., Friedhoff, B., Design of Contemporary Inland Waterway Vessels - The Case of the Danube River, Springer, 2021.