• Semester 5, position 5

To introduce students to the application of fundamental principles and laws of biomechanics to understand and study human locomotor system (HLS) - prediction of functional motion / movement, human posture. The formation of the corresponding models of HLS, the possibility of simulations based on them in order to confirm the experimental data, its application to rehabilitation purposes. It allows the potential cooperation with experts in medicine, sports, etc. or work in specialized clinical institutions.

•Applying the basic principles and laws of mechanics/biomechanics in order to understand and study human locomotion system (HLS) •Determine anthropometric values of HLS •Identify the most significant biomechanical properties of muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, lung, cardiovascular system •Forming biomechanical muscle models (Hill's musclemodel, ...) •Forming simpler kinematical/dynamical biomechanics models HLS, during (standing), walking, running, • Numerical simulate the previously formed biomechanical models using programming environment (MATLAB, etc.) • Analyzing energy aspects of HLS • Choose the appropriate hip endoprosthesis on the previously conducted biomechanical analysis

The basic concepts of anthropometry and elements of functional anatomy, biomechanics of human limbs and other functional parts of the human body. Biomechanical properties of bones, muscles, joints, tendons and ligaments. Biomechanics of the shoulder, elbow, hand, spine, hip, foot:rheological models. Statics of musculoskeletal system of humans. The concept of locomotion, types of locomotions.Kinematics of the human locomotor system (HLS) and motor tasks. The task of direct and inverse dynamics of HLS. Motion,the energy aspects of: work, energy, power. Biomechanics of internal organs and organ systems.Basic concepts of tissue biomechanics. Fundamentals of kinematic mechanisms. Model mechanism of HLS in the form of kinematic chains with branching-differential equations of motion (DIFE)-example of the upper body;example of closed kinematic chain: bipedal locomotion. Biomechanics of walking/bipedal locomotion. Orthopaedic biomechanics.

Examples of determining anthropometric data. Models of muscle: skeletal,smooth, cardiac, bone models, the spinal column. Examples of solving the problems of kinematics and dynamics of the HLS. Energy analysis and stress analysis: various examples. Example of the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems. Examples of biomechanical models of organs. Instances of models of HLS in the form of kinematic chains-different cases. Mathematical modeling of human body motion and interaction with the environment. Examples of locomotor motion: walking, running, sports movements. Computer methods and techniquesin biomechanics (FEM, Matlab,...) with the appropriate application. Biomedical measurements, instrumentation and equipment. Examples of models of prosthetic/ orthotic mechanisms of-applications in rehabilitation. Various problems of HLS.

desirable courses: Mechanics 1, Mechanics 2, Mechanics 3, Fundamentals of biomedical engineering, Human anatomy and physiology

[1]Y.Fung,Biomechanics:Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues,Springer,2000.(KSJ) [2]Winter,D.A.Biomechanics of Human Movement,John Wiley&Sons,2009.(KSJ) [3]Nordin M,Frankel V,Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system,Lea &Febiger,London,2012.(KSJ) [4]Tozeren A.Human Body Dynamics-Classical Mechanics and Human Movement, Springer Verlag,2000.(KSJ) [5]Lazarević, M. Basics Biomechanics, (script in preparation),2021. [6] Written abstracts from the lectures (Handouts) [7] Cyberbotics Webots - software simulation package [8]MATLAB,CATIA,software packages(CSP,SSO)

Total assigned hours: 45

New material: 8
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 10

Auditory exercises: 6
Laboratory exercises: 3
Calculation tasks: 7
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 2
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 2
Review and grading of lab reports: 0
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 1
Test: 2
Test: 1
Final exam: 3

Activity during lectures: 10
Test/test: 45
Laboratory practice: 0
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 15
Final exam: 30
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 35

Duane Knudson,Fundamentals of Biomechanics,Springer Science+Business Media, LLC,2007.; D. Schneck, J. Bronzino,Biomechanics : principles and applications, CRC PressLLC,2003.; Y. Hong and R. Bartlett,Routledge Handbook of Biomechanics and Human Movement Science,Routledge,2008.; C. Oomens, M. Brekelmans, F. Baaijens,Biomechanics: Concepts and Computation,Cambridge University Press,,2009; S. Cowin, S. B.Doty,Tissue Mechanics, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC,2007