• Semester 5, position 4

The objective of the course is for the student to: acquire basic knowledge about the importance of the combustion process; understand the different definitions of the combustion process; understand the physical and chemical processes that take place during combustion; perceive the most important laws that apply to combustion processes; perceive the thermodynamic basics of the combustion process; understand the material and energy balance of the combustion process; perceive the classification of the combustion process according to different criteria; understand the processes of ignition, flame propagation and stabilization of the flame front; understand the phenomena and specifics of combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid fuels; review technologies and devices for combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid fuels; understand the formation of toxic components during the combustion process and ways to reduce air pollution.

After successfully passing the exam in this course, the student will be able to: Define the concept of fuel, the criteria for the characterization of fuel and fuel type according to the adopted criteria; Calculate of the amount of the combustion products, their composition and the to calculate combustion temperature; Perform the material and energy balance of the combustion process; Define the basic concepts for the characterization of flame, the criteria for the flame characterization and the flame types according to the adopted criteria; Determine the basic flame characteristics in the laboratory: laminar flame length, stable combustion limits, the ignition limits of and linear flame speed. carry out the determination of toxic components produced during combustion; choose the best technology for reducing the emission of toxic components; perform an analysis of the impact of the combustion process on the environment.

Fuel and combustion basics. The quantity and composition of combustion products. Combustion temperature. Fundamentals of thermodynamics of the combustion process, general terms, material and energy balance processes. Fundamentals of chemical statics and kinetics of thermal processes. Chemical equilibrium, the speed of chemical reactions. Physical and physical-chemical phenomena in the combustion process. Specific features of combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Environmental aspects of combustion. The causes, mechanisms of toxic components and the possibilities for prevention.

Calculation of heating value of fuel. Elements of stoichiometry. Combustion temperature. Determining the characteristics of proximate analysis of solid fuels. Determination of the heating value of solid and liquid fuels with a bomb calorimeter and the determination of heating value of gaseous and liquid fuels with Junkers calorimeter. Dissociation products of combustion. Determination of the dissociation temperature of combustion. Incomplete combustion. Length of the laminar flame. The boundaries of stable combustion. Ignition limits (concentrations). Flame front propagation speed.

No special requirements for attendance the course.

Laboratory equipment for the characterization of solid and liquid fuels: Calorimeter IKA C200, Device for determining the ignition temperature of liquid fuels according to the Pensky-Martens method, Analytical scales for mass measurement, Dryers, Muffle furnace, Flue gas analyzers testo 350, testo 380

Total assigned hours: 75

New material: 30
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 0

Auditory exercises: 8
Laboratory exercises: 20
Calculation tasks: 2
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 0
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 2
Review and grading of lab reports: 3
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 0
Test: 0
Test: 5
Final exam: 5

Activity during lectures: 5
Test/test: 40
Laboratory practice: 10
Calculation tasks: 5
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 0
Final exam: 40
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 30

Milan Radovanović: Fuels, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 1986 , ISBN-86-7083-246-1; Dušan Drašković, Milan Radovanović, Miroljub Adžić: Combustion, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 1986 , ISBN-86-7083-022-1; Vladimir Jovanović: Handbook for laboratory exercises in Fuel, Lubricants and Industrial Water, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 2021 , ISBN-978-86-6060-095-2; Milan Radovanović: Handbook for laboratory exercises in Combustion, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 1986 , ISBN-86-7083-023-X