• Semester 6, position 4

This course aims to teach students basic knowledge of hydraulics and pneumatics. First of all they need to learn to read schemes of hydraulic oil and pneumatic systems. In addition to this the audience of this course should be familiar with basic elements of all systems, with their functionality, place and role in hydraulic oil and pneumatic systems. Besides this, the aim of this course is to teach listeners the basics of calculations of elements, circuits and systems in general.

The students listened to and passed this course will be able to read correctly each scheme of oil hydraulic or pneumatic system. In addition to understanding the scheme they will be able to accurately determine functionality of given system. Also, they will be able to independently calculate existing oil hydraulics and pneumatics systems in stationary regimes. Students will be able to select appropriate components of hydraulic or pneumatic system for specific tasks of power transmission and connect them in functional way.

Introduction to oil hydraulics. Applications of oil hydraulics. Hydraulic working fluids. Equations for the analysis of steady-state operating regimes of oil hydraulic systems. Energy balance and efficiency of an oil hydraulic system. Hydraulics power units. Hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors. Hydraulic cylinders. Pressure control valves in oil hydraulic systems. Flow control valves. Directional control valves. Hydraulic accumulators. Introduction to pneumatics. Elements of pneumatic systems.

Hydropneumatics. Calculation of pressure forces exerted by the working fluid on hydraulic and pneumatic components. Dependence of oil viscosity on temperature. Change in oil temperature during operation of an oil hydraulic system (OHS). Analysis of a closed oil hydraulic circuit (OHC) under steady-state operating conditions. Efficiency of pumps and hydraulic motors. Analysis of an open OHC under steady-state operating conditions. Flow through a single throttle and through series-connected throttles. Forces acting on a hydraulic cylinder. Hydraulic braking of the piston. Buckling analysis of the piston rod. Design/analysis of an OHS with two or more actuators. Efficiency of an OHS. Thermophysical properties of air. Calculation of separated condensate. Theoretical work of a compressor. Flow regulation in a system using two-way and three-way flow regulators. Efficiency analysis of a hydraulic system with and without a hydraulic accumulator.

Passed examination of Fluid Mechanics B.

Manuscript of lectures. Oil hydraulic components with section.

Total assigned hours: 75

New material: 20
Elaboration and examples (recapitulation): 10

Auditory exercises: 28
Laboratory exercises: 2
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 0
Consultations: 0
Discussion/workshop: 0
Research study work: 0

Review and grading of calculation tasks: 0
Review and grading of lab reports: 0
Review and grading of seminar papers: 0
Review and grading of the project: 6
Test: 4
Test: 0
Final exam: 5

Activity during lectures: 10
Test/test: 20
Laboratory practice: 0
Calculation tasks: 0
Seminar paper: 0
Project: 20
Final exam: 50
Requirement for taking the exam (required number of points): 20

,,Hydraulic Fluid Power, Fundamentals, Applications, and Circuit Design”, Andrea Vacca, Germano Franzoni, (2021), John Wiley & Sons Ltd, ISBN: 978-1-119-56911-4; ,,Fluid Power with Applications”, Anthony Esposito, (2009), Pearson Prentice Hall, ISBN-13: 978-0135136904; ,,Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems” Zoran Popović, (2022), Media Center Odbrana, ISBN: 978-86-335-0787-5 (in Serbian); ,,Oil Hydraulics and Pneumatics”, D. Knežević, D. Šešlija, A. Milašinović, S. Laloš, (2018), University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, ISBN: 978-99938-39-77-4 (in Serbian); Crnojevic C., Classical and oil hydraulic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Belgrade, 2006 (in Serbian)